Systematic Literature Review of Automotive Technology Integration in SMK: Diagnostic Tools, Electric Vehicles, and Industry 4.0 Readiness
Keywords:
Automotive Technology, Vocational Education, Industry 4.0Abstract
The rapid transformation of the automotive industry has had a direct impact on vocational education, particularly in the field of automotive engineering at vocational high schools (SMK). Emerging technologies such as on-board diagnostic (OBD) systems, electric vehicles (EVs), and Industry 4.0 practices require schools to prepare students with advanced competencies. However, integrating these technologies into teaching remains a challenge due to limited infrastructure, outdated curricula, and insufficient teacher readiness. This study aims to systematically review existing research on the integration of automotive technology in vocational education, focusing on diagnostic tools, electric vehicle learning, and industry alignment under the framework of Industry 4.0. The research adopts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, analyzing studies published from 2015 to 2025 across databases such as Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar. Findings suggest that while diagnostic technology and EV-related learning enhance student readiness, the implementation process often lacks strong industry collaboration. Additionally, teacher competence and continuous training are identified as critical factors. This review emphasizes the need for curriculum innovation, industry-supported projects, and the integration of emerging technologies. The study contributes to strengthening vocational education by aligning automotive learning with technological advancements and industrial expectations
References
Anderson, P. (2020). The role of vocational education in preparing skilled automotive workers. Journal of Technical Education, 12(3), 56–68.
Brown, R. (2021). Diagnostic tools in automotive vocational schools: Challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Automotive Education, 9(2), 44–59.
Johnson, L. (2022). Teacher professional development in vocational automotive education. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 10(1), 77–88.
Lee, M. (2021). Industry 4.0 and automotive vocational readiness. Journal of Vocational Innovation, 15(4), 101–115.
Martinez, S. (2020). On-board diagnostics as a learning tool in vocational schools. International Journal of Engineering Education, 36(5), 213–225.
Nguyen, H. (2021). Preparing vocational students for electric vehicle technologies. Asian Journal of Technical Education, 7(1), 34–48.
Rodriguez, F. (2023). Barriers and recommendations for integrating automotive technology in vocational schools. International Journal of Vocational Studies, 8(2), 67–82.
Taylor, J. (2022). Systematic review of technology integration in automotive education. Educational Review Journal, 14(3), 123–139.
